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2013年03月26日09:25 | 中國發展門戶網 www.chinagate.cn | 給編輯寫信 字號：T|T

（二）強化農業農村發展基礎，推動城鄉發展一體化。近些年是我國農業發展最快、農村面貌變化最大、農民得到實惠最多的時期。當前，農業農村發展進入一個新階段，呈現出農業生產綜合成本上升、農產品供求結構性矛盾突出、農村社會結構深刻變動、城鄉發展加快融合的態勢，全面建成小康社會的重點難點仍然在農村。必須堅持把解決好“三農”問題作為全部工作的重中之重，這是歷史經驗的科學總結，既管當前，也管長遠，是長期指導思想。農村土地制度關乎農村的根本穩定，也關乎中國的長遠發展，其核心是要保障農民的財產權益，底線是嚴守18億畝耕地紅線。要堅持以家庭承包經營為基礎，支持發展多種形式新型農民合作組織和多層次的農業社會化服務組織，逐步構建集約化、專業化、組織化、社會化相結合的新型農業經營體系，始終注重保護法律賦予農民的財產權利，調動農民積極性。毫不放松糧食生產，建設高標準基本農田，推廣先進技術，增強農業綜合生產能力，保障糧食和重要農產品的有效供給。要繼續加大“三農”投入，加強農村基礎設施建設和基本公共服務體系建設，推動城鄉發展一體化，形成以工促農、以城帶鄉、工農互惠、城鄉一體的新型工農、城鄉關系。要采取有效措施，穩定農業生產經營隊伍，積極培育新型農民。

城鎮化是我國現代化建設的歷史任務，與農業現代化相輔相成。要遵循城鎮化的客觀規律，積極穩妥推動城鎮化健康發展。堅持科學規劃、合理布局、城鄉統籌、節約用地、因地制宜、提高質量。特大城市和大城市要合理控制規模，充分發揮輻射帶動作用；中小城市和小城鎮要增強產業發展、公共服務、吸納就業、人口集聚功能。加快推進戶籍制度、社會管理體制和相關制度改革，有序推進農業轉移人口市民化，逐步實現城鎮基本公共服務覆蓋常住人口，為人們自由遷徙、安居樂業創造公平的制度環境。村莊建設要注意保持鄉村風貌，營造宜居環境，使城鎮化和新農村建設良性互動。

2. Strengthening the foundation for agriculture and rural development and promoting integrated urban and rural development

In recent years, China's agriculture has developed faster, its rural areas have undergone more significant changes, and its rural residents have received more tangible benefits than in any other period. Agriculture and rural development in China have now entered a new stage in which overall agricultural production costs are rising, structural problems in the supply and demand of agricultural products are worsening, the rural social structure is undergoing profound changes, and integration of urban and rural development is speeding up. All the major and difficult problems that we face in finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects are in rural areas. We must make solving issues relating to agriculture, rural areas and farmers the number one priority in all our work. This is a scientific conclusion drawn from our historical experience and a long-term guiding principle applicable to both the present and the future. The rural land system is central to maintaining rural stability and ensuring China's long-term development. Its main purpose is to guarantee farmers' property rights and interests, and its main objective is to ensure that China's farmland remains at or above the red line of 120 million hectares. We should continue to make household contracts the basis of rural operations, support the development of new farmers' cooperatives of various forms and multilevel commercial organizations that provide agricultural services, and gradually establish a new type of system of intensive agricultural operations that are specialized, well organized and commercialized. We should always protect farmers' legitimate property rights and keep them motivated. We should always give high priority to grain production, develop high-yield basic farmland, spread advanced technologies, increase overall agricultural production capacity, and effectively ensure the supply of grain and other important agricultural products. We should continue to increase spending on agriculture, rural areas and farmers; improve infrastructure and basic public services in rural areas; and promote integration of urban and rural development. We should build a new type of relations between industry and agriculture and between urban and rural areas in which industry promotes agriculture, urban areas support rural development, industry and agriculture reinforce each other, and urban development and rural development are integrated. We should take effective measures to keep the agricultural workforce stable and train a new type of farmers.

Urbanization is a historical task in China's modernization drive, and urbanization and agricultural modernization complement each other. We should conform to the objective law of urbanization and carry it out actively yet prudently. We should promote sound development of urbanization by making plans scientifically, balancing geographical distribution, coordinating urban and rural development, using land economically, and tailoring measures to local conditions. Megacities and large cities should be kept at an appropriate scale and fully play their role in driving the development of their surrounding areas. Small and medium-sized cities and small towns should become better able to develop industries, provide public services, create jobs, and attract residents. We should accelerate reform of the household registration system, the social management system and related institutions; register eligible rural workers as permanent urban residents in an orderly manner; progressively expand the coverage of basic public services in urban areas to all their permanent residents; and create an equitable institutional environment for freedom of movement and for people to live and work in contentment. In improving village conditions, we should preserve their distinctive rural flavor, make their environment more livable, and ensure that urbanization and the building of a new countryside reinforce each other.

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