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2013年03月26日09:25 | 中國發展門戶網 www.chinagate.cn | 給編輯寫信 字號：T|T

（四）以更大的政治勇氣和智慧，深入推進改革開放。改革開放是國家發展進步的根本動力。只有堅持改革開放，才能把我們的事業繼續推向前進。我國改革已進入攻堅階段，必須進一步解放思想，全面深化經濟體制改革，繼續積極穩妥推進政治體制改革，深化文化體制改革，加快推進社會體制改革，加強生態文明制度建設，不斷把改革引向深入。

要進一步完善社會主義市場經濟體制。毫不動搖地鞏固和發展公有制經濟，毫不動搖地鼓勵、支持、引導非公有制經濟發展，形成各種所有制經濟依法平等使用生產要素、公平參與市場競爭、同等受到法律保護的體制環境。深化國有企業改革以及重點行業改革。加快財稅體制改革，理順中央和地方財力與事權的關系，完善財政轉移支付制度，健全公共財政體系，構建地方稅體系，促進形成有利于結構優化、社會公平的稅收制度。深化金融體制改革，健全促進實體經濟發展的現代金融體系，提高銀行、證券、保險等行業競爭力，加快發展多層次資本市場，積極發展債券市場，穩步推進利率、匯率市場化改革，擴大人民幣跨境使用，逐步實現人民幣資本項目可兌換。深化投融資體制改革，推進價格改革，健全資源性產品價格形成機制和生態補償制度。繼續積極穩妥推進事業單位分類改革。收入分配制度是經濟社會發展中一項根本性、基礎性的制度，是社會主義市場經濟體制的重要基石。我們已經制定了深化收入分配制度改革若干意見，要抓緊研究制定具體政策，確保制度建設到位、政策落實到位，有效解決收入分配領域存在的問題，縮小收入分配差距，使發展成果更多更公平地惠及全體人民。

要推進社會主義民主法治建設。堅持人民主體地位，發展更加廣泛、更加充分、更加健全的人民民主，保證人民依法享有廣泛權利和自由，促進人的全面發展，維護社會公平正義。堅持依法治國，充分尊重憲法和法律的權威，確保決策權、執行權、監督權既相互制約又相互協調，確保國家行政機關按照法定權限和程序行使權力。堅持轉變政府職能，推進政企分開、政資分開、政事分開、政社分開，建設職能科學、結構優化、廉潔高效、人民滿意的服務型政府。堅持改進工作作風、密切聯系群眾，提倡艱苦奮斗，厲行勤儉節約，反對鋪張浪費，克服形式主義、官僚主義。堅持民主監督、法律監督、輿論監督，健全權力運行制約和監督體系，讓人民監督權力，讓權力在陽光下運行。堅持反對腐敗，加強廉政建設，從制度上改變權力過分集中而又得不到制約的狀況，做到干部清正、政府清廉、政治清明。

國內外形勢的深刻變化，對我國開放型經濟發展提出了新的更高要求。要堅持對外開放的基本國策，實行更加積極主動的開放戰略。堅持把穩定出口與擴大進口結合起來，推動對外貿易從規模擴張向質量效益提高轉變、從成本和價格優勢向綜合競爭優勢轉變，促進形成以技術、品牌、質量、服務為核心的出口競爭新優勢；堅持把利用外資與對外投資結合起來，支持企業“走出去”，拓展經濟發展的新空間；堅持把深化沿海開放與擴大內陸和沿邊開放結合起來，加快形成各具特色、優勢互補、分工協作、均衡協調的區域開放格局；堅持把向發達國家開放與向發展中國家開放結合起來，擴大和深化同各方利益匯合點。

4. Deepening reform and opening up with greater political courage and vision

Reform and opening up are the fundamental force that drives China's development and progress. We can continue to advance our cause only by adhering to reform and opening up. China has entered a crucial stage of reform. We must further emancipate our minds, comprehensively deepen reform of the economic structure, continue to actively yet prudently carry out reform of the political structure, deepen reform of the cultural administrative system, accelerate reform of the social system, improve the system for promoting ecological progress; and constantly deepen reforms.

We need to improve the socialist market economy. We should unwaveringly consolidate and develop the public sector of the economy and encourage, and support and guide the development of the non-public sector, so as to foster a structural environment in which economic entities under different forms of ownership have equal access to factors of production in accordance with the law, compete on a level playing field and enjoy equal legal protection. We should deepen reform of state-owned enterprises and key industries.

We should quicken reform of the fiscal and taxation systems, adjust relations between the central government and local governments concerning financial resources and powers, and improve the system of transfer payments. We should improve the public finance system, institute a system of local taxation, and establish a taxation system conducive to optimizing the economic structure and enhancing social fairness.

We should deepen reform of the financial system and improve the modern financial system so that it supports development of the real economy. We should raise the competitiveness of the banking, securities and insurance industries, accelerate development of a multilevel capital market, and actively develop the bond market. We should steadily carry out reforms to make interest rates and the RMB exchange rate more market-based, expand cross-border use of the RMB and gradually achieve the RMB's convertibility under capital accounts.

We should deepen reform of the investment and financing systems, carry out price reform and improve the pricing mechanism for resource products and the system of compensation for ecological damage.

We should continue to actively yet steadily advance function-based reform of public institutions.

The income distribution system is a basic system of vital importance for economic and social development, and an important cornerstone of the socialist market economy. We have formulated guidelines on deepening reform of the income distribution system, and we now need to promptly formulate specific policies, ensure that institutions are established and policies are implemented, resolve problems in income distribution, and narrow the income gap so that the fruits of development are more equitably shared by all the people.

We need to advance development of socialist democracy and the socialist rule of law. We should ensure that the people occupy the principal position, make people's democracy more extensive, fuller in scope and sounder, ensure that the people enjoy extensive rights and freedoms prescribed by law, and promote people's well-rounded development and safeguard social fairness and justice. We should govern the country on the basis of the law, and fully respect the authority of the Constitution and laws. We should ensure that the powers of policy making, implementation and oversight both constrain each other and function in concert and that government bodies exercise their powers in accordance with statutory mandates and procedures. We should continue to transform government functions, separate government administration from the management of enterprises, state assets, public institutions and social organizations, and build a well-structured, clean, efficient and service-oriented government that has scientifically defined functions and that the people are satisfied with. We should improve the conduct of our work, maintain close ties with the people, advocate hard work and plain living, practice thrift, oppose extravagance and waste, and eliminate formalistic and bureaucratic practices. We should uphold democratic oversight, legal oversight and public opinion-based oversight and improve the system of checks and oversight over the exercise of power to ensure that the people oversee the exercise of power and that power is exercised in a transparent manner. We should unwaveringly combat corruption, strengthen political integrity, establish institutions to end the excessive concentration of power and lack of checks on power and ensure that officials are honest, government is clean and political affairs are handled with integrity.

Profound changes in domestic and external environments place new and higher requirements on China in developing an open economy. We should adhere to the basic state policy of opening up and implement a more proactive opening up strategy. We should both keep exports stable and expand imports. We should raise the quality and returns of foreign trade rather than just increase its volume, and raise its overall competitive advantages instead of relying only on cost and price advantages. We should make China's exports more competitive in terms of technology, brand, quality and service. We should simultaneously use foreign investment in China and make Chinese investment overseas, and support Chinese enterprises in going global, to create new space for economic development. We should simultaneously deepen opening up in coastal areas and open inland and border areas wider so as to foster a balanced and coordinated pattern of opening up in which all regions have their own distinctive features, draw on each other's strengths, have a clear division of work, and cooperate with each other. We should continue to open up to both developed and developing countries and expand and deepen common interests with all other parties.

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